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Immunoregulatory effects of

Dan Luo, Zhengyun Zuo, Hongyan Zhao, Yong Tan, Cheng Xiao

Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 5,   Pages 556-563 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0649-5

Abstract: Hook F (TwHF) and its extracts have long been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune

Keywords： Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F     immunoregulation     clinical studies    

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Pressure drop analysis on the positive half-cell of a cerium redox flow battery using computational fluid dynamics: Mathematical and modelling aspects of porous media

Fernando F. Rivera, Berenice Miranda-Alcántara, Germán Orozco, Carlos Ponce de León, Luis F. Arenas

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 2,   Pages 399-409 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1934-9

Abstract: Description of electrolyte fluid dynamics in the electrode compartments by mathematical models can be a powerful tool in the development of redox flow batteries (RFBs) and other electrochemical reactors. In order to determine their predictive capability, turbulent Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and free flow plus porous media (Brinkman) models were applied to compute local fluid velocities taking place in a rectangular channel electrochemical flow cell used as the positive half-cell of a cerium-based RFB for laboratory studies. Two different platinized titanium electrodes were considered, a plate plus a turbulence promoter and an expanded metal mesh. Calculated pressure drop was validated against experimental data obtained with typical cerium electrolytes. It was found that the pressure drop values were better described by the RANS approach, whereas the validity of Brinkman equations was strongly dependent on porosity and permeability values of the porous media.

Keywords： CFD simulation     porous media     porous electrode     pressure drop     redox flow battery    

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Development of soft kernel durum wheat

Craig F. MORRIS

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 6, Issue 3,   Pages 273-278 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019259

Abstract:

Kernel texture (grain hardness) is a fundamental and determining factor related to wheat ( spp.) milling, baking and flour utilization. There are three kernel texture classes in wheat: soft and hard hexaploid ( ), and very hard durum ( subsp. ). The genetic basis for these three classes lies with the Puroindoline genes. Phenotypically, the easiest means of quantifying kernel texture is with the Single Kernel Characterization System (SKCS), although other means are valid and can provide fundamental material properties. Typical SKCS values for soft wheat would be around 25 and for durum wheat≥80. Soft kernel durum wheat was created via homeologous recombination using the mutation, which facilitated the transfer of ca. 28 Mbp of 5DS that replaced ca. 21 Mbp of 5BS. The 5DS translocation contained a complete and intact locus and both puroindoline genes. Expression of the puroindoline genes in durum grain resulted in kernel texture and flour milling characteristics nearly identical to that of soft wheat, with high yields of break and straight-grade flours, which had small particle size and low starch damage. Dough water absorption was markedly reduced compared to durum flour and semolina. Dough was essentially unchanged and reflected the inherent gluten properties of the durum background. Pasta quality was essentially equal-to-or-better than pasta made from semolina. Agronomically, soft durum germplasm showed good potential with moderate grain yield and resistance to a number of fungal pathogens and insects. Future breeding efforts will no doubt further improve the quality and competitiveness of soft durum cultivars.

Keywords： soft durum wheat     grain hardness     puroindolines     milling     baking     pasta     noodles    

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Biocompatibility Pathways in Tissue-Engineering Templates Perspective

David F. Williams

Engineering 2018, Volume 4, Issue 2,   Pages 286-290 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.03.007

Abstract:

Tissue engineering, which involves the creation of new tissue by the deliberate and controlled stimulation of selected target cells through a systematic combination of molecular and mechanical signals, usually involves the assistance of biomaterials-based structures to deliver these signals and to give shape to the resulting tissue mass. The specifications for these structures, which used to be described as scaffolds but are now more correctly termed templates, have rarely been defined, mainly because this is difficult to do. Primarily, however, these specifications must relate to the need to develop the right microenvironment for the cells to create new tissue and to the need for the interactions between the cells and the template material to be consistent with the demands of the new viable tissues. These features are encompassed by the phenomena that are collectively called biocompatibility. However, the theories and putative mechanisms of conventional biocompatibility (mostly conceived through experiences with implantable medical devices) are inadequate to describe phenomena in tissue-engineering processes. The present author has recently redefined biocompatibility in terms of specific materials- and biology-based pathways; this opinion paper places tissue-engineering biocompatibility mechanisms in the context of these pathways.

Keywords： Biomaterials     Scaffolds     Mechanotransduction     Inflammation     Topography    

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Resistance of large deformation of the Wushaoling Tunnel F7 soft fault

ZHAO Xufeng, CHEN Haiming, WANG Chunmiao

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 123-127 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0013-3

Abstract: In this article, the mechanical characteristics of the squeeze of the F7 fault of the Wushaoling Tunnel

Keywords： F7     deformation     appropriate     construction     mechanical    

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Special issue on future network: software-defined networking Editorial

Tao HUANG,F. Richard YU,Yun-jie LIU

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016, Volume 17, Issue 7,   Pages 603-605 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.SDN2016

Abstract: 无

Keywords： 无    

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Nanocrystal technology for drug formulation and delivery

Tzu-Lan CHANG, Honglei ZHAN, Danni LIANG, Jun F. LIANG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 1-14 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1509-3

Abstract: With the development of modern technology like high throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry and computer aid drug design, the drug discovery process has been dramatically accelerated. However, new drug candidates often exhibit poor aqueous or even organic medium solubility. Additionally, many of them may have low dissolution velocity and low oral bioavailability. Nanocrystal formulation sheds new light on advanced drug development. Due to small (nano- or micro- meters) sizes, the increased surface-volume ratio leads to dramatically enhanced drug dissolution velocity and saturation solubility. The simplicity in preparation and the potential for various administration routes allow drug nanocrystals to be a novel drug delivery system for specific diseases (i.e. cancer). In addition to the comprehensive review of different technologies and methods in drug nanocrystal preparation, suspension, and stabilization, we will also compare nano- and micro-sized drug crystals in pharmaceutical applications and discuss current nanocrystal drugs on the market and their limitations.

Keywords： drug nanocrystal     nanotechnology     formulation     bioavailability     stabilizers     drug delivery    

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Decomposing drivers of transportation energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions for the Philippines: the case of developing countries

Neil Stephen LOPEZ, Anthony S.F. CHIU, Jose Bienvenido Manuel BIONA

Frontiers in Energy 2018, Volume 12, Issue 3,   Pages 389-399 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0578-7

Abstract:

Global CO2 emissions increased by 57.9% from 1990 to 2014, of which 21% is known to be from the transportation sector. In line with policy development, driving forces to energy consumption and emissions may be determined using decomposition analysis techniques. However, the detail of information required to perform such studies for the transportation sector in developing countries can be challenging. An attempt was made in this study to formulate a decomposition analysis framework considering data availability and limitation in developing countries. Furthermore, a suggestion of adjusting transport activity data using average oil price was proposed. An illustrative case study in the Philippines revealed that the most significant driver was transport activity, followed by energy intensity, and then population growth, which was both similar and contrary to all previous studies performed in developed and rapidly urbanizing countries, which pointed out to transport activity as the primary contributing force. For the Philippines, transport activity was an inhibiting force, whereas energy intensity was the primary contributing factor. The difference could be explained by the differences in mode shares and quality of life between countries. Looking at private vehicle ownership data, it is observed that growth rates are higher in the rural, than in the urban centers. Deriving from the findings, developing a comprehensive public transport plan is recommend for future growth areas, expansion and modernization of public transport services in the city, and strategic deployment of transport policies.

Keywords： transportation     LMDI     decomposition     developing country     emissions    

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Comments on the special issue on Agri-product Quality and Safety

Charles F. SHOEMAKER

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 294-294 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018237

Abstract:

Keywords： valign=     top     class=     J_zhaiyao    

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Observation of a higher JAK2 V617F homozygous mutated clone in polycythemia vera compared to essential

LIU Hongxing, TONG Chunrong, CAI Peng, GU Jiangying, LIN Yuehui, TENG Wen, WANG He, ZHANG Ying, ZHU Ping

Frontiers of Medicine 2008, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 309-313 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0059-1

Abstract: real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) assays were developed and performed for JAK2V617FThe results showed that in some samples, the JAK2V617F burden was as low as nearly 1%, and thus moreJAK2V617F-positive samples were detected by RQ-PCR than by SB-ASA assay due to the former higher detectresult shows that the pathogenesis of PV and ET may be related to the mutation allele burden of JAK2V617F.

Keywords： specific amplification     essential thrombocythemia     Single-tube bi-directional     JAK2V617F-positive     JAK2V617F    

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Effect of process parameters on the density and porosity of laser melted AlSi10Mg/SiC metal matrix composite

FAMODIMU, Mark STANFORD, Chike F. ODUOZA, Lijuan ZHANG

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2018, Volume 13, Issue 4,   Pages 520-527 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0521-y

Abstract:

Laser melting of aluminium alloy—AlSi10Mg has increasingly been used to create specialised products in various industrial applications, however, research on utilising laser melting of aluminium matrix composites in replacing specialised parts have been slow on the uptake. This has been attributed to the complexity of the laser melting process, metal/ceramic feedstock for the process and the reaction of the feedstock material to the laser. Thus, an understanding of the process, material microstructure and mechanical properties is important for its adoption as a manufacturing route of aluminium metal matrix composites. The effects of several parameters of the laser melting process on the mechanical blended composite were thus investigated in this research. This included single track formations of the matrix alloy and the composite alloyed with 5% and 10% respectively for their reaction to laser melting and the fabrication of density blocks to investigate the relative density and porosity over different scan speeds. The results from these experiments were utilised in determining a process window in fabricating near-fully dense parts.

Keywords： selective laser melting     additive manufacturing     mechanical alloying     powder metallurgy     aluminium metal matrix composite    

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Analysis and design of steel-concrete composite sandwich systems subjected to extreme loads

Kazi Md Abu SOHEL, Jat Yuen Richard LIEW, Min Hong ZHANG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 278-293 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0120-z

Abstract: Novel J-hook shear connectors were invented to prevent the separation of face plates from the concreteImpact test results show that the SCS sandwich panels with the J-hook connectors are capable of resisting

Keywords： blast load     composite structure     impact load     lightweight concrete     sandwich plate     J-hook connector    

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Overall design and realization of selectivity leakage protection device in mines

Sun Yukun,Zhu Zhiying,Huang Zhenyue,Tang Ping

Strategic Study of CAE 2012, Volume 14, Issue 7,   Pages 93-97

Abstract: justify;">A novel selective leakage protective device in master-slave structure was proposed where dsPIC30F4012was the master controller and PIC16F877A was the slave processor.

Keywords： leakage protection     selectivity     dsPIC30F4012     PIC16F877A     RS-485 bus     optical fiber communication    

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An Algorithm to compute damage from load in composites

Cyrille F. DUNANT, Stéphane P. A. BORDAS, Pierre KERFRIDEN, Karen L. SCRIVENER, Timon RABCZUK

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 180-193 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0107-9

Abstract: We present a new method to model fracture of concrete based on energy minimisation. The concrete is considered on the mesoscale as composite consisting of cement paste, aggregates and micro pores. In this first step, the alkali-silica reaction is taken into account through damage mechanics though the process is more complex involving thermo-hygro-chemo-mechanical reaction. We use a non-local damage model that ensures the well-posedness of the boundary value problem (BVP). In contrast to existing methods, the interactions between degrees of freedom evolve with the damage evolutions. Numerical results are compared to analytical and experimental results and show good agreement.

Keywords： Concrete     damage     prediction     modelling     energy minimisation     ASR    

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Influence of harvest date on seed yield and quality in forage kochia

Cody F. CREECH, Blair L. WALDRON, Corey V. RAMSOM, Dale R. ZOBELL, Joseph Earl CREECH

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 71-79 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017196

Abstract: Forage kochia ( ) is used for rangeland reclamation and livestock and wildlife forage, but limited research has been conducted on its seed production. Therefore, this research evaluated the effect of harvest date on seed weight, germination, and seed yield of forage kochia subspecies and . Seed was harvested from individual plants for 3 years during October, November, and December. October harvest had the lightest 100-seed weights, with the November harvest slightly heavier than December, for most accessions. Cultivar Snowstorm and breeding line Sahsel, both subsp. , had the greatest 100-seed weights in November, 155 and 143 mg, respectively, whereas, cv. Immigrant (subsp. ), the standard for forage kochia, ranked among the least for 100-seed weight. For most accessions, germination was lowest from the October harvest (11%–43%), with greater germination with November and December harvested seeds (43%–64%). Viable seed yields were greatest in November with the exception of two accessions, which peaked in October, indicating earlier maturity. Results indicate that forage kochia usually reaches optimum seed maturity by early November, after plants are exposed to freezing temperatures; however, earlier maturing accessions exist in both subspecies and .

Keywords： forage     rangeland     seed germination     seed quality    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Immunoregulatory effects of

Dan Luo, Zhengyun Zuo, Hongyan Zhao, Yong Tan, Cheng Xiao

Journal Article

Pressure drop analysis on the positive half-cell of a cerium redox flow battery using computational fluid dynamics: Mathematical and modelling aspects of porous media

Fernando F. Rivera, Berenice Miranda-Alcántara, Germán Orozco, Carlos Ponce de León, Luis F. Arenas

Journal Article

Development of soft kernel durum wheat

Craig F. MORRIS

Journal Article

Biocompatibility Pathways in Tissue-Engineering Templates

David F. Williams

Journal Article

Resistance of large deformation of the Wushaoling Tunnel F7 soft fault

ZHAO Xufeng, CHEN Haiming, WANG Chunmiao

Journal Article

Special issue on future network: software-defined networking

Tao HUANG,F. Richard YU,Yun-jie LIU

Journal Article

Nanocrystal technology for drug formulation and delivery

Tzu-Lan CHANG, Honglei ZHAN, Danni LIANG, Jun F. LIANG

Journal Article

Decomposing drivers of transportation energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions for the Philippines: the case of developing countries

Neil Stephen LOPEZ, Anthony S.F. CHIU, Jose Bienvenido Manuel BIONA

Journal Article

Comments on the special issue on Agri-product Quality and Safety

Charles F. SHOEMAKER

Journal Article

Observation of a higher JAK2 V617F homozygous mutated clone in polycythemia vera compared to essential

LIU Hongxing, TONG Chunrong, CAI Peng, GU Jiangying, LIN Yuehui, TENG Wen, WANG He, ZHANG Ying, ZHU Ping

Journal Article

Effect of process parameters on the density and porosity of laser melted AlSi10Mg/SiC metal matrix composite

FAMODIMU, Mark STANFORD, Chike F. ODUOZA, Lijuan ZHANG

Journal Article

Analysis and design of steel-concrete composite sandwich systems subjected to extreme loads

Kazi Md Abu SOHEL, Jat Yuen Richard LIEW, Min Hong ZHANG

Journal Article

Overall design and realization of selectivity leakage protection device in mines

Sun Yukun,Zhu Zhiying,Huang Zhenyue,Tang Ping

Journal Article

An Algorithm to compute damage from load in composites

Cyrille F. DUNANT, Stéphane P. A. BORDAS, Pierre KERFRIDEN, Karen L. SCRIVENER, Timon RABCZUK

Journal Article

Influence of harvest date on seed yield and quality in forage kochia

Cody F. CREECH, Blair L. WALDRON, Corey V. RAMSOM, Dale R. ZOBELL, Joseph Earl CREECH

Journal Article